Uma ufuna ukuhlola amasistimu wokusebenza, ukusetha amalebhu, noma uqinisekise isofthiwe ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhompuyutha yakho eyinhloko, imishini ebonakalayo ingumsekeli wakho omkhulu. Kunamawebhusayithi athembekile ongalanda kuwo ama-VM amahhala, kokubili iWindows kanye nokusatshalaliswa kweLinux okuningi, kulungele ukungenisa ku-VirtualBox, i-VMware namanye ama-hypervisors.
Kulo mhlahlandlela uzothola isibuyekezo esiphelele semithombo ewusizo kakhulu, ngokuhle nokungenzeki komunye nomunye, izincomo zokusetshenziswa, izilungiselelo ukuze ucindezele i-VirtualBox, ukucatshangelwa kwezomthetho nokuvikeleka, kanye nokubheka uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwama-hypervisors. Umgomo ucacile: ukukunikeza lonke ulwazi olusebenzayo oludingayo ukuze ulande ngokuphephile, ungenise, futhi usebenzise ama-VM esihlokweni esisodwa.
Ungayitholaphi imishini ebonakalayo ye-Windows esemthethweni
I-Microsoft inikeza ama-VM okuhlola aklanyelwe ukuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa kweziphequluli nezinhlelo zokusebenza, alungele ukusetshenziswa kuwo I-Hyper-V (Gen2), i-Parallels, i-VirtualBox ne-VMwareLezi zithombe zihlanganisa i-Windows Enterprise Evaluation Edition kanye nesethi efakwe ngaphambili yamathuluzi ukuze uqale ukwakha ngokushesha.
Ukulanda Okusemthethweni: Ungazithola kuwebhusayithi yonjiniyela be-Microsoft kokuthi https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/vms/Ukwengeza, iMicrosoft inikeza izithombe zokuhlola ze Windows 10 kanye ne-11 Enterprise Esikhungweni Sokuhlola: I-Windows 10 Enterprise y I-Windows 11 Enterprise.
Lawa ma-VM ngokuvamile afika nawo Windows 11 Enterprise (ukuhlola), I-Visual Studio 2022 Community enomthwalo wokusebenza we-UWP, .NET Desktop, Azure, ne-Windows App SDK, kanye ne-WSL2 eno-Ubuntu, Windows Terminal, kanye nemodi yonjiniyela enikwe amandla. Ngokomlando, bafake nezingxenye ezifana nalezi Windows 10 SDK, Visual Studio Code, kanye nezandiso, futhi kwamanye amaphakheji, isistimu engaphansi ye-Linux isivele imisiwe. Ukucushwa okuqondile kungahluka ngenguqulo.
Ilayisense yokuhlola ivamise ukuphelelwa yisikhathi cishe Izinsuku ze-90 kusukela ekushicilelweni kwayo noma ekuqaliseni kokuqala. Ngemva kwalesi sikhathi, ingemuva liba mnyama, kuvele ifulegi okungelona elangempela, futhi isistimu ingase ivaleke njalo ngehora. Ayikwazi ukwenziwa isebenze ngokhiye womkhiqizo (njengoba iwukuhlolwa kwebhizinisi). ayikusekeli ukwenza kusebenze ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside.
Ezimfuneko, iMicrosoft ikhombisa okungenani U-8 GB we-RAM no-70 GB wediski. Ukusebenzisa i-VirtualBox, ezinye izici ezinikezelayo (isb. ukubonakala kwemenyu yokuQala) ziye zabonwa futhi ziyaphenywa; Awekho ama-ARM edishini atholakalayo Okwamanje.
Uma uma uqala ngaphakathi kwewindi lokuhlola kubonakala sengathi ilayisensi iphelelwe yisikhathi, ungazama I-Windows Activation Troubleshooter. Kunoma ikuphi, lapho kukhishwa i-VM entsha, landa isithombe esisha bese usingenisa kabusha ngesinye isikhathi sokuhlola.
I-Adguard: Ama-ISO e-Microsoft asemthethweni kanye nokufinyelela ezinguqulweni ezindala
I-Adguard yazalelwa ukuze kube lula ukulandwa kwamafayela kumaseva e-Microsoft, nge- sesha ngezigaba ukuze ukhethe umkhiqizo ne-edishini, futhi ulande ngokuqondile emithonjeni esemthethweni ngaphandle kokulungiswa. Iphrojekthi isuke kuwebhusayithi yayo yokuqala yaya kwentsha, igxile ekutholeni ama-ISO cishe anoma yiluphi uhlobo lweWindows. kuhlanganise nezinhlelo ezindala kakhulu.
Inkinga ukuthi ikhasi elisha alisanikezi isigaba sama-VM esakhiwe ngaphambilini eledlule. Iwebhusayithi endala isafinyeleleka ngaphandle kokusekelwa, futhi ngokwalokho engikubonayo, i-VM yakamuva etholakalayo ivela Windows 10. Uma ufuna okuthile kwakamuva, enye indlela ukulanda i-ISO esemthethweni bese udala umshini obonakalayo kusukela ekuqaleni, okuthatha isikhashana kodwa. Akubangeli zinkinga uma unolwazi ku-VirtualBox/VMware..
Ngasohlangothini oluhle, i-Adguard iyimayini yegolide kulabo abafuna ama-ISO e-Microsoft ahlanzekile kanye izinguqulo ezithile okunzima ukuzithola. Yini engathuthukiswa: isigaba esilungele i-VM sidinga ukubuyekezwa, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka uchithe imizuzu embalwa kuwizadi ukuze udale i-hypervisor yakho.
Amanye amawebhusayithi okulanda ama-VM enziwe ngomumo (ikakhulukazi i-Linux)
Ama-OSBoxes
Ama-OSBoxes iqoqa amadiski abonakalayo afakwe ngaphambilini avela ku- izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-Linux distros (kanye nezinye izinhlelo zohlobo lwe-BSD noma i-FreeDOS), ezinokulandwa kwe-VirtualBox (VDI) ne-VMware (VMDK). Ngezizathu zomthetho, ayinikezi iWindows, kodwa ikhathalogi yayo inkulu futhi ivuselelwa njalo.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, izithombe eziningi ze-OSBox zabelana ngemininingwane ejwayelekile: umsebenzisi osboxes / iphasiwedi osboxes.org kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile futhi, kuma-distros amaningi, impande / osboxes.org njengomlawuli. Shintsha iphasiwedi ngemva kokuqalisa kokuqala ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe.
Ngezansi unesampula ye-repertoire evame ukuhlinzekwa yi-OSBoxes, ngayo ideskithophu kanye nezinhlelo zeseva uma kusebenza:
- I-Android x86, Antergos, antiX, Arch Linux, BackBox, Black Lab, Bodhi
- I-BunsenLabs, Bala i-Linux, CentOS, CrunchBang, Chromixium, Debian, Deepin
- I-Devuan Linux, I-OS Elementary, Fedora, Feren OS, FreeBSD, FreeDOS, Gentoo
- I-HandyLinux, IPFire, I-Kali Linux, KaOS Linux, KDE Neon, Korora, Kubuntu
- Linux Lite, Linux Mint, LMDE, Lubuntu, LXLE, Mageia, MakuluLinux, Manjaro
- I-Nitrux, i-openSUSE, i-Parrot Security OS, i-PCLinuxOS, i-Pear Linux OS, i-Peppermint
- I-Phoenix OS, i-Pinguy OS, i-PrimeOS, i-Q4OS, i-Qubes OS, i-Raspbian, i-Remix OS
- Sabayon, Scientific Linux, Solus, SparkyLinux, TrueOS, Ubuntu (Budgie, GNOME, MATE, Server, Studio), Ultimate Edition, Xubuntu, Zorin OS
Izinzuzo: Ikhathalogi inkulu futhi iyasebenza (landa, ngenisa, futhi wethule). Okubi yilezi: awekho amaWindows futhi amanye amashidi anikeza imininingwane embalwa ngaphambi kokulanda, ngakho kuzodingeka uhlole inguqulo okuyiyonayona ngemva kokuqala.
Ama-VirtualBoxes
Ama-VirtualBoxes ikhethekile ngezithombe ze VirtualBox, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ungaphinda uwasebenzise ku-VMware ngokuguqula noma ukungenisa. Isudi yayo eqinile yi-Linux distros nezinye izinhlelo (FreeBSD, FreeDOS, Android), enendawo yokugcina ehlungwe ngama-alfabhethi futhi imibhalo kanye nezithombe-skrini kuthebhu ngayinye ukuze unqume ngaphandle kokulanda ngokungaboni.
Njengamaphuzu abuthakathaka, ikhathalogi yayo akunjalo kuze kube yimanje njengama-OSBoxes futhi ikhawulela ngokusemthethweni ama-VM ku-VirtualBox, okunciphisa ukuguquguquka uma ipulatifomu yakho eyinhloko kuyi-VMware noma enye i-hypervisor.
I-SysProbs
I-SysProbs Yinqolobane ene I-VDI ye-VirtualBox kusuka ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-Linux naku-Windows (Windows 11, 10, 8.1, 7, kanye ne-Windows Server 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, phakathi kokunye). Zonke izithombe zimahhala futhi ngayinye ihlanganisa i-readme enezidingo kanye nemininingwane.
Qaphela: abanye Izixhumanisi zokuqukethwe kwe-Microsoft zingaphulwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezibuyekezo. Njalo qinisekisa ubuqotho nomsuka wokulanda, futhi ubeke phambili imizila esemthethweni noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
Ukusebenzisa ama-VM ngobuhlakani: osayizi abanconyiwe, ukusebenza, nezilungiselelo
Ama-VM eMicrosoft anamathuluzi angathatha phakathi 4,5GB no-20GB lapho ulanda, futhi udinga isikhala esiningi ngemva kokuwohloka (iMicrosoft incoma u-70 GB mahhala). Ku-Linux, ukulanda kuvame ukushesha. Uma usebenzisa i-SSD, uzothola izikhathi zokulayisha nokuphendula.
Lapho udala noma ungenisa, unganiki okungaphezu kwalokho 50% we-RAM yakho kusivakashi. Ku-Linux yedeskithophu engasindi, i-2‑4 GB yanele; ngoba Windows 10/11, 6‑8 GB noma ngaphezulu kuyancomeka uma umsingathi wakho ekuvumela. Inkumbulo iyisivikelo esibonakala kakhulu sokusebenza.
I-CPU: Nikeza ama-cores angu-2 uma une-multicore kumsingathi; ushintsho kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-2 kuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuqephuza yesivakashi. Ungeqi ama-core cores futhi ushiye isikhala sesistimu yokusingatha neminye imisebenzi.
Isitoreji: Idiski ebonakalayo yosayizi ongashintshi yenza okungcono kakhulu, kodwa kuthatha sonke isikhala kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala; inguqulo eguquguqukayo igcina isikhala ekuqaleni futhi ikhula ngokusetshenziswa. Linganisa izidingo zakho zangempela zesofthiwe nedatha ngaphakathi kwe-VM.
Faka i Ukwengezwa kwezivakashi (I-VirtualBox) noma Amathuluzi e-VMware: Thuthukisa ividiyo ye-2D/3D, ibhodi lokunamathisela, hudula bese udedela, ukubonisa ukukala, namadivayisi. Futhi, nika amandla amafolda abelwe bese ukhetha imodi yenethiwekhi (i-NAT, ibhuloho, isikhungo kuphela) ngokusekelwe elebhu yakho.
Ukuphepha nokuba semthethweni: okufanele ukukhumbule
Ukulanda ama-VM konga isikhathi, kodwa kusho ukwethemba umdali. Uma zivela kumasayithi asemthethweni noma ezinqolobaneni ezinedumela elihle, ingozi incane; ezinkundleni noma emithonjeni engabazekayo, ungathola izithombe ezikhohlisiwe noma ezine-malwareNgaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa isivikeli magciwane kusivakashi (I-Defender isebenza kahle ku-Windows) futhi uqinisekise ama-hash lapho unikeziwe.
Nakuba i-VM ihlukanisa uhlelo, khumbula ukuthi imisebenzi efana ne amafolda abelwe, ibhodi lokunamathisela kanye nenethiwekhi yebhuloho xhuma kumgcini wakho; khubaza noma yini ongayidingi. Uma usola, skena amadiski akho abonakalayo noma usebenzise izindawo ezilahlwayo ngaphandle kwedatha ebucayi.
Ngokomthetho, ama-Linux VM anjalo ayikho imikhawulo. Ku-Windows, izithombe zokuhlola ze-Microsoft ezisemthethweni zisemthethweni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwazo; nokho, ama-Windows VM atholwe kubantu besithathu nge ilayisense eyenziwe yasebenza ngaphambilini akukho emthethweni. Kuma-macOS, i-EULA ikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwehadiwe ye-Apple; ukusebenzisa i-macOS ku-PC, ngisho naku-VM, ayifakiwe kulayisensi, futhi kunengozi yezinhlawulo ku-akhawunti yakho uma usebenzisa amasevisi e-Apple.
I-VirtualBox kafushane: izici ongase ube nentshisekelo kuzo
VirtualBox Kumahhala ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ukufundisa, noma ukuhlola, inkundla ehlukene, futhi kunamandla kakhulu. Phakathi kwezici zayo eziphawulekayo, ivumela Ngenisa/Thekelisa ku-Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, ukusekelwa kwe- i-virtualization efakiwe (KVM ngaphakathi kwesivakashi), umphathi wefayela lesihambeli, kanye nesipiliyoni sokuthuthuka Ngezengezo Zezivakashi.
Ku-inthanethi, kuyanikeza I-NAT, ibhuloho, yangaphakathi, ne-host-host kuphela, kanye nosekelo lwe-IPv6. Kusitoreji, isekela abalawuli I-SATA, i-NVMe, i-SCSI, i-IDE ne-SAS, enombhalo wemfihlo wediski kanye nesiqalisi se-iSCSI esihlanganisiwe sokufinyelela okuhlosiwe okukude.
Futhi inayo Ukusheshisa kwe-3D, ukuhudula nokwehlisa okukabili, ukuxhumana kwe-serial ne-USB, ikhamera yewebhu ebonakalayo, umsindo we-HD, i-ACPI egcwele, izifinyezo zamagatsha eziningi, ukwenza ama-VMs igcina izihlonzi, nama-API wokuzenzakalela kanye namasevisi ewebhu.
Manje usuthole imithombo engcono kakhulu yokulanda ama-VM amahhala, ukuthi uwangenisa kanjani futhi uwalungise kahle, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe. Phakathi kweMicrosoft (ama-VM asemthethweni kanye ne-Eval Center), ama-OSBoxes, ama-VirtualBoxes kanye ne-SysProbsUngakwazi ukumboza yonke into kusukela ku-Windows yesimanje kuya ku-Linux yamanje kanye nezinhlelo zakudala, njalo ukhetha umzila ovumelana kangcono necala lakho lokusebenzisa kanye nezidingo zakho zomthetho nezokuphepha.