Ukuvikeleka nokuvikela ubumfihlo kuyaqhubeka, mhlawumbe manje kunanini ngaphambili, ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kwanoma ubani osebenzisa i-inthanethi nemidiya yedijithali ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sinciphise izingozi, into enengqondo kakhulu ukusebenzisa wonke amathuluzi esinawo. Ngalo mqondo, kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizobona Iyini i-Bitlocker futhi yenzelweni?
Impela ngemva kokufunda izigaba ezilandelayo uzoqonda kangcono ukuthi lesi sici sezokuphepha se-Microsoft siquketheni kanye nezinzuzo ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwaso.
Yini i-Bitlocker?
I-Bitlocker iyithuluzi lokubethela lediski elakhiwe iMicrosoft. Iyatholakala itholakala kuzinguqulo ze-Pro, Enterprise, kanye nezeMfundo zeWindows. Iqiniso lokuthi ihlanganiswe ngokomdabu ohlelweni olusebenzayo isebenza kahle kakhulu emsebenzini wayo woku vikela idatha yethu futhi uvimbele ukwebiwa kolwazi.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Bitlocker ukuvikela idatha egcinwe ku-hard drive ekhiphekayo nge- uhlelo lwe-cipher. Kuvumelekile futhi ukuvikela okuqukethwe kwedrayivu ekhiphekayo njenge-USB. Ngakho-ke idatha izovikeleka uma kwenzeka ubunhloli, ukulahleka noma ukweba.
Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi lokhu akuyona into eqanjiwe entsha, ngoba yayisivele yethulwa ngo-2007 kanye neWindows Vista, kodwa isezinguqulo zakamuva (lezo ezihlanganisa inguqulo 1.2 noma ngaphezulu yemojula yesikhulumi esithembekile - TPM), okufanele ngempela ukucatshangelwa.
Izici Eziyinhloko ze-Bitlocker
Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlelo lokubethela ukuvikela idatha kubonakala ngezici ezilandelayo:
- Ukubethela kwedatha, ngama-algorithms athuthukisiwe aklanyelwe ukuvikela imininingwane kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kulo ngabantu abagunyaziwe kuphela.
- Ukuvikelwa ekuntshontshweni noma ekulahlekelweni. Akunandaba ukuthi idatha yethu iwela ezandleni zikabani, njengoba ngeke ifinyeleleke ngaso sonke isikhathi kunoma ubani ongakwazi ukuziqinisekisa ngokuthi ugunyaziwe.
- Ukuhlanganiswa nehardware yemishini yethu. I-BitLocker inekhono lokusebenzisa i-TPM (I-Trusted Platform Module) ukuze igcine ngokuphephile okhiye bokubethela. Ngenxa yalokho, ungaqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu ngaphambi kokuqalisa noma iyiphi inqubo yokuvula.
- Ukuhambisana nomthetho wamanje, njenge Umthethonqubo Wokuvikelwa Kwemininingwane Jikelele (GDPR) ezingeni laseYurophu.
Okokugcina, kufanele sigqamise inguqulo ethile yethuluzi lokubethela ama-hard drive angaphandle nama-pendrive: BitLocker Ukuya ivumela, ukusebenza kwayo kufana nalokho kwenguqulo evamile.
Ungayivula kanjani i-Bitlocker
Uma ikhompuyutha yethu ine-Windows 10 noma i-Windows 11 efakiwe, I-Bitlocker ilungiselela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza, okwenza umsebenzi wokuvumela ithuluzi ube lula kakhulu. Okufanele ukwenze ukukhetha iyunithi ofuna ukuyisebenzisela yona.
Lezi yizinyathelo okumele uzilandele ukuze uqedele ukumisa:
- Okokuqala, sivula ifayela le- I-Windows Explorer.
- Lapho sichofoza nge chofoza kwesokudla kuyunithi lapho sifuna ukwenza kusebenze i-Bitlocker.
- Bese sikhetha inketho "Sebenzisa i-Bitlocker".
- Ewindini elisha le-pop-up elivulayo, siyakhetha indlela esifuna ngayo ukuthi idrayivu ebethelwe ivulwe:
- Ngephasiwedi (kumele uyifake kabili).
- Ngokusebenzisa a ikhadi smart (uma kunjalo sizodinga ikhadi elihlakaniphile, isifundi esihambisanayo futhi, ngokusobala, sibe nephinikhodi).
- Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele khetha imodi ukuze londoloza ukhiye wokutakula ye-Bitlocker drive. Izinketho yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Londoloza kufayela.
- Phrinta ukhiye wokutakula.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhetha ingakanani iyunithi esifuna ukuyibhala ngemfihlo:
- Isikhala sediski esetshenziswa kuphela.
- Iyunithi yonke.
- Ekugcineni, kufanele ukhethe uhlobo lokubethela:
- Imodi entsha yokubethela (kunconyelwe amayunithi angashintshi).
- Imodi ehambisanayo (kunconyelwe amadrayivu akhiphekayo).
- Njengesinyathelo sokugcina, sicindezela inkinobho "Qala ukubethela."
Inqubo ingase ithathe amaminithi ambalwa ukuqeda. Uma usuqedile, singabona uphawu lwengidi ngobunye.
Izinzuzo kanye nebubi bokusebenzisa i-Bitlocker
I-Bitlocker iyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokuvikela imininingwane ebucayi kumalaptop. Kunconywa kakhulu ukuvikela idatha ebucayi yenkampani, noma ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ivumelekile futhi kubasebenzisi abayimfihlo abafuna ukuba nesendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha, njalo benakwa ubuhle nobubi bayo:
Izinzuzo
- Inikeza izinga elithembekile lokuphepha.
- Ihlanganisa kalula ezinhlelweni zeWindows.
- Isebenzela kokubili amadrayivu angaphakathi namadivayisi angaphandle.
- Kumahhala (kubasebenzisi bezinguqulo ezisekelwayo zeWindows).
nebubi
- Idinga ihadiwe ehambisanayo (okungcono i-TPM), ayihlali ikhona kumishini endala.
- Kumakhompuyutha amadala, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kungathinta kabi ukusebenza.
- Okubalulekile: Uma silahlekelwa ukhiye wokutakula sizolahlekelwa unaphakade idatha. Okusho ukuthi, ingaba inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili.
Ukwazi yonke le mininingwane, umsebenzisi anganquma ukuthi i-Bitlocker iyisixazululo yini abasidingayo ukuze agcine ulwazi oluqukethwe ngaphakathi kwemishini yakhe luphephile.
Ezinye izindlela ze-Bitlocker
Njengoba iyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi i-Bitlocker ingase ingabi inketho ekahle yezidingo ezithile zabasebenzisi abathile. Kungenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuhambisana, noma ngenxa yesidingo sokuguquguquka okwengeziwe nokwenza ngokwezifiso. Kulolu hlobo lomsebenzisi, kungase kuthakazelise kakhulu ukusebenzisa eyodwa yalezi ezinye izindlela:
I-AxCrypt
Isixazululo okuhloswe ngaso ukuphathwa kwefayela ngalinye, ifaneleka kakhulu kubasebenzisi abangakudingi ukubethela okugcwele kwediski. Kuyinto kakhulu kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezisebenzayo. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi inguqulo yamahhala inokulinganiselwa emisebenzini yayo eminingi.
Isixhumanisi: I-AxCrypt
I-Cryptomator
Ithuluzi lokubethela elithakazelisayo, umthombo wamahhala novulekile. I-Cryptomator i yakhelwe ukuvikela amafayela agcinwe emafini, enikeza ukusekelwa kwezinsizakalo zesitoreji samafu njenge-Dropbox, i-Google Drayivu ne-OneDrive.
Isixhumanisi: I-Cryptomator
VeraCrypt
Lena enye yezindlela ezidume kakhulu ze-Bitlocker. Le software isinika ithuba lokuthi a ukubethela okugcwele kwamadiski athile namavolumu, usebenzisa ama-algorithms okubethela athuthukile njenge-AES noma iNyoka. Ingabe mahhala futhi iyahambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kune-Bitlocker.
Isixhumanisi: VeraCrypt