Abantu abaningi bane-router ekhaya noma ehhovisi elinikezwa inkampani esebenza nge-inthanethi ngokwayo. Kuyinto elula futhi evamile kakhulu, nakuba ingeyona engcono kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi sikubuza lo mbuzo kuphela lapho siqala ukubhekana nezinkinga. Yilapho-ke sidinga umuntu ozosambulela amathiphu angcono kakhulu lapho uthenga i-router. Yini ebaluleke kakhulu?
Yilokhu esizokhuluma ngakho kulesi sihloko, ukufunda esithemba ukuthi kungaba usizo kuwe uma kuziwa ekucaciseni imiqondo ethile kanye nokususa ukungabaza.
Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho uthenga i-router?
Ngokuyisisekelo, konke umuntu akufunayo ukuba ne-a ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi okusheshayo nokuthembekile. Zonke izeluleko zokuthenga irutha entsha kufanele ziye lapho.
Okokusebenza esikutholayo lapho sinkontileka ye-Wi-Fi Nomhlinzeki Wesevisi Ye-inthanethi (ISP) kuhlanganisa izakhi ezimbili: imodemu kanye nomzila (noma umzila) ngezinye izikhathi ezingafika zihlanganiswe kudivayisi eyodwa. Imodemu ixhuma ikhaya lakho ku-inthanethi ebanzi, kuyilapho irutha ixhuma kumodemu. Ekugcineni, sixhuma wonke amadivayisi ethu kumzila, kungaba ngekhebula noma ngokungenantambo.
Umphakeli uvamise ukukhokhisa imali yokuqasha lesi sisetshenziswa, nakuba ezikhathini eziningi Le router ngokuvamile iyimodeli eyisisekelo kakhulu mayelana nokusebenza kanye nemisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungaxazululwa, njengoba opharetha engakwazi ukusiphoqa ukuthi sisebenzise izinto zabo zokusebenza noma asikhokhise noma yini ngokusebenzisa i-hardware yethu.
Kafushane nje, lezi yizi Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa irutha yakho:
- I-Wi-Fi nge isivinini esengeziwe kanye nokufakwa okungcono. Ikakhulukazi uma ungakwazi ukwengeza a irutha ephathekayo.
- Ukufinyelela ku- Imisebenzi eyengeziwe, njengezilawuli zabazali namanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi yesivakashi.
- Okokugcina, imele a imali yokulondoloza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba kufanele utshale imali kuphela ekuthengeni futhi ungakhokhi irenti yanyanga zonke enkampanini yokuhlinzeka ngomzila abasifakele wona.
Ngazi kanjani ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwerutha engiludingayo?
Mhlawumbe lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu okufanele siwuxazulule ngaphambi kokuthenga irutha entsha. Impendulo efanele izoncika, ngokunengqondo, ezidingweni zomuntu ngamunye kanye nalokho akuthandayo. Kunoma yikuphi, mhlawumbe into yokuqala okufanele uyenze bala amamitha-skwele wendlu. Ukusuka lapho, singacubungula ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwerutha olusilungele kakhulu:
Irutha eyodwa
Kuyisixazululo esilula. Khumbula ukuthi le divayisi kufanele ixhunywe kusokhethi noma imodemu yakho ekhona kusetshenziswa intambo ye-Ethernet, engase ilinganisele kancane izinketho uma iyibeka ekhaya lethu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ifake endaweni emaphakathi, ihlale icabangela ukuthi ububanzi bayo buyoba buncane emakamelweni noma emakhoneni endlu aqhelelene nayo.
Isistimu ye-Mesh (Wi-Fi Mesh)
Yiyona enconywa kakhulu ezindlini ezinkulu kanye nalabo abafuna ukuvikeleka okuqinile engadini yabo. Amasistimu anezikhala aqukethe irutha emaphakathi ekhombisa uchungechunge lwamanodi engeziwe angasatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izikhala zendlu. Okubalulekile: Inodi ngayinye noma isandiso sidinga indawo kagesi.
Amasistimu anemeshi ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu. Ama-node noma ama-amplifiers ngokuvamile anosayizi omncane kanye nomklamo oklanyelwe ukujwayela ukuhlobisa ekhaya.
Yini eyenza irutha eyodwa ibe ngcono kunenye?
Lapho siqala ukusesha ku-inthanethi amamodeli werutha esizowafaka ekhaya sathola inani elimangalisayo nezinhlobonhlobo zamamodeli namananis. Ukukhetha kuba nzima. Amathiphu okuthenga irutha adingeka kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Ngokuvamile, kukhona uchungechunge lwezakhi ezingasisiza ukuthi senze isinqumo esifanele kakhulu esimweni ngasinye: amachweba nokuxhumana okunikezwa imodeli ngayinye, amabhendi e-Wi-Fi namashaneli awasekelayo, isivinini esiphezulu sokudlulisa idatha esisisekelayo. angahlinzeka, amazinga okuphepha, njll. Sihlaziya konke esigabeni esilandelayo.
Izinto okufanele ngizazi ngaphambi kokuthenga irutha entsha
Ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele lapho uthenga irutha entsha yekhaya lethu noma indawo yokusebenza, lezi yizici okufanele sizibheke:
Mangaki amachweba nokuxhumana engikudingayo?
Okokuqala okumele sikucacise ukuthi bangaki izimbobo zokuxhuma amadivayisi ethu ngekhebula sizodinga. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-WiFi ilula kakhulu, ukuxhumana okunezintambo kunikeza isivinini esengeziwe. Isibonelo, ukuxhuma i-Smart TV, inketho yekhebula ye-Ethernet ihlala inconywa kakhulu. Amarutha ashibhe kakhulu ngokuvamile ahlanganisa okungenani ukuxhumana okune kwalolu hlobo. Lokhu kwanele, isibonelo, ukuxhuma ama-routers amabili emugqeni ofanayo.
Okubalulekile: uma irutha esifuna ukuyithenga ihloselwe ukuvala indawo yomphakeli, kufanele ibe nokunye ukuxhumana okungeziwe, okufana nesixhumi se-coaxial noma isixhumi se-fiber optic.
Hlobo luni lwe-WiFi engiludingayo (isivinini esikhulu sokudlulisa)
Nakuba amadivayisi amaningi asebenzisa i-WiFi yebhendi engu-2,4 GHz, ayanda amarutha ahambisana ne-5 GHz WiFi, ukusebenza kwawo kuphakeme ngokusobala, kokubili ngokwejubane nokubambezeleka.
Ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwebhendi eyodwa nenye, kwanele ukusho ukuthi ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz ihlanganisa iziteshi eziyi-11 zobubanzi obungu-20 MHz ngayinye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhendi ye-5 GHz ineziteshi ezingu-45, nakuba ingagcini ku-20 MHz, ngoba ingahlanganisa iziteshi ze-40 MHz noma 80 MHz. Okusho ukuthi, banayo. Umthamo omkhulu wokudlulisa idatha.
I-automation yasekhaya esinayo futhi esithemba ukuba nayo ekhaya
Amakhaya amaningi ahlanganisa amadivaysi e-automation ekhaya ezingaphathwa futhi zihlelwe nge-Wi-Fi: izimpumputhe ezizenzakalelayo, izibani, izinto zikagesi, ama-alamu okuphepha... Uma sifuna ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ekhaya, kubalulekile ukumbozwa kahle kanye nesignali ye-WiFi eqinile.
Nakuba icala ngalinye lihlukile, kuleli cala elinye lamathiphu angcono kakhulu okuthenga umzila ukunquma ukufaka isistimu ye-Mesh Wi-Fi ekhaya. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza ngendlela efanele kwawo wonke amasistimu ethu ezishintshayo asekhaya.
izinga lokuphepha
Okokugcina, kufanele sikhulume ngesici esibalulekile: ukuphepha kokuxhumana. Ukuvikela irutha yethu kubalulekile. Izinga elincane elamukelekayo namuhla lithi I-WPA2. Lokhu kunikeza ukubethela okuqinile okunengqondo, nakuba kungenakho ubungozi. Okungcono nakakhulu izinga I-WPA3, ethuthukiswe ngo-2018 ukuze kulungiswe ubuthakathaka obuthile bezinga langaphambilini.